Digital Camera Buying Guide

Features

Digital camera features vary greatly from model to model. Some might be essential to you, while others might be of use only for highly specialized applications. Before you buy, consider the following features, which are included on most digital cameras.

Exposure modes

Most digital cameras, including SLRs, are highly automated, with features such as automatic exposure control, which manages the shutter speed and aperture according to the available light. In that mode, the camera generally handles setting ISO and autofocus as well. But there are other program modes that allow you to control specific settings, including shutter priority, aperture priority, as well as special scene modes. Some cameras include full manual controls, which let you set shutter speed and aperture.

Zoom lenses

This type of lens, which is actually made up of several different lenses or lens elements, allows you to vary the focal length. That provides you with flexibility in framing shots and closes the distance between you and your subject, which is ideal if you want to quickly switch to a close shot. The typical 3x zoom on mainstream cameras goes from a moderately wide-angle view (35mm) to moderate telephoto (105mm). You can find cameras with extended zoom ranges between 5x and 20x, giving you added versatility. If you want a greater view angle for more panoramic landscapes or group portraits, look for cameras with a wide-angle end of the zoom range as low as 28 or 24mm.

Image stabilization

More and more cameras, including many with powerful lenses, now come with an image stabilizer, a device that compensates for handheld camera shake. Often, the IS device lets you shoot with a slower shutter speed than you otherwise could without producing blur due to hand shake (although it won't compensate for a subject's motion). Optical (in the lens) and mechanical (in the camera body) image stabilizers are the best types to use, although some cameras include simulated stabilization.

Face detection & "Smart Camera" features

This digital camera feature attempts to find a face in the image to set focus, exposure, and color balance so that faces appear in focus and well exposed. When we've tried it, we found that it usually worked well. In some cameras, you need to turn on the feature. In others, it's enabled at the factory, but can be turned off. Other types or variants of face detection are beginning to appear in newer cameras too, such as a smile shutter mode, which shoots a photo of the subject when a subject smiles. Other types include blink warning, which alerts you to shots in which a subject might have blinked, and intelligent ISO.

Focus

In addition to being able to automatically set exposure, digital cameras automatically adjust the focus of the lens with autofocus features. But more advanced cameras include additional focusing functions. Be sure to look carefully at the types of additional features available on your camera, including manual focus. On SLRs, look for the number of AF points they have and what types of AF modes are available.

Shooting modes

Most cameras have three options for shooting still images: single image, burst mode, and self-timer. The burst mode allows you fire off a series of shots quickly, for several, dozens and sometimes scores of shots. Some SLRs can shoot more than hundred shots in a burst, and do so very quickly (measured in frames per second, or fps). Some newer advanced point-and-shoots are also able to capture many shots per second. As the name implies, the self-timer mode provides a delay between the moment the shutter button is pressed and the photo is captured. Some cameras let you set how long this delay is and the number of shots you can take.

Playback modes

All digital cameras can review images on the LCD, along with exposure and other information embedded in the image file. So, you can quickly see what the image actually looks like, and delete it if you don't like it. Many cameras have automatic orientation features that turn the photo vertically or horizontally to correspond to how you shot the photo. When reviewing, you can use the zoom control to magnify portions of the image file.

ISO

This setting expresses how sensitive the sensor is to light. Many cameras allow you to set various ISO settings (anywhere from ISO 100 to ISO 1600, although some ranges can be even greater, particularly on SLRs). The advantage in being able to set a higher ISO is that you can then have more flexibility in adjusting either the aperture or shutter speed. For example, if you need to shoot an image at 1/250 of a second in order to "freeze" the action, but you have only enough light for a shutter speed of a 1/125 of a second, one option is to change the aperture to let more light in. But if you're already at the widest aperture, you can instead increase the ISO from 100 ISO to 400 ISO, and you should be able to set the higher shutter speed.

LCD viewers

Optical viewfinders, which were once ubiquitous on cameras, are being replaced by larger, sharper color LCD viewers. Some are now as large as 3.5 inches. These displays are accurate in framing the actual image you get--better than most optical viewfinders--but they might be hard to see in bright sunlight. This live-view functionality, available in point-and-shoot for years, has also been appearing on more and more SLRs, which have traditionally used the LCDs for only playing back or reviewing images. A camera with an optical and an LCD viewfinder is more versatile, especially when you shoot in bright light or need to conserve battery power.

Flash

Available on almost every digital camera, a flash (or strobe) allows you to illuminate subjects via a short burst of light. Nearly all have auto-flash modes, a setting that will automatically fire a flash whenever the camera senses there isn't enough illumination for a correct exposure. Most include other flash modes, including red-eye reduction mode, which minimizes a common flash camera problem (although you can also fix this in an image-editing program when the image is stored on your computer).

Image file formats

The most commonly used file format is the JPEG, a compressed image format that allows you to use the file for a number of different applications, such as printing photos but also for using on web pages and emailing as attachments. A select number of high-end Compact cameras and all SLRs can also capture images in a file format commonly known as RAW. This format is most often uncompressed and the image isn't processed inside the camera, as with JPEG files. RAW files can yield the best quality images and give you the most flexibility when manipulating the photos with software.

Memory cards

Instead of film, nearly all digital cameras record their shots and store them on flash-memory cards, although occasional models also have had on-board flash-memory capacities greater than 1 GB. Compact Flash (CF) and SecureDigital (SD) are the most widely used. Other memory cards used include Memory Stick Duo and xD. Although these storage cards were once quite expensive, they have recently dropped significantly in price.

Connections

To save images, you transfer them to a computer, typically by connecting the camera to the computer's USB or FireWire port, or inserting the memory card into a special reader. (Many computers now have built-in card readers.) Cameras can also be connected to printers, or you can insert the memory cards directly into select printers.

Sony VAIO X slimster hands-on

We just got back from our time with the Sony X-series and it's making us rethink the entire definition of thin as the word is applied to ultra-portable laptops -- see how it casually jockeys our 15-inch MacBook Pro workhorse in the pic above. Sony's X-series is so thin that it's dangerous: on one hand, it'll cut a jugular or cake with little effort, and on the other, it has just enough flex to make us worry about its ruggedness. But this isn't Sony's first experiment with this form factor and the carbon-fibre frame and aluminum keyboard should help with rigidity when this goes production in both glossy- and matte-plastic finishes. (The displays were all matte, at least for now.) The new X is followup to the rarely seen VAIO X505 that was available in limited markets early in the decade -- only then it wasn't sporting an Atom, 2GB of memory, or a 31Wh removable battery. According to Sony, the choice of an Atom processor is far from decided and is only on display to run the engineering prototypes here at IFA, so there's still hope for at least CULV internals when this thing ships. Unfortunately, access to the rest of the internal specs were software blocked and Sony was zipped tight on details.

Features And Specifications Of Sony VAIO X Series :

• 11.1? (1366 x 768 pixels resolution) scratch-resistant LCD display with LED backlight technology and 16:9 aspect ratio
• Standard battery: Up 3.5 hours ; Super-extended capacity battery: Up to 14 hours of battery life
• Uniquely configured keyboard designed with spacing between the keys aimed for comfortable typing experience (with 1.2mm stroke and 17mm pitch)
• Electro-Static touch pad with Multi-touch functionality lets users zoom in and out, flip through pictures, rotate items clockwise and counterclockwise, as well as scroll vertically and horizontally with just the pinch of a finger
• Real-time GPS functionality makes it easy to find restaurants, hotels and more unfamiliar areas
• Up to 128GB SSD for fast, reliable storage, providing a rapid boot-up and quicker access to applications
• Built-in MOTION EYE camera and microphone
• Available in in two variants of color – black and gold
• Dimensions: 10.95 (W) x 0.55 (H) x 7.29 (D) inches

According to the company, Sony VAIO X Series integrates wireless 3G Mobile Broadband technology (integrated Verizon Wireless Mobile Broadband), Wi-Fi (802.11n) and Bluetooth wireless technologies to ensure you are always be connected. However, users need to subscribe a separate Verizon service for 3G Mobile Broadband technology.

The new compact and lightweight Sony VAIO X Series notebook which measure just over a half-inch thin and weight only 1.6 pounds (with standard battery) will hit the market beginning November 2009, and the price is starting at around $1,300.

Sony Ericsson W595 Cosmopolitan Edition

The Japanese-Swedish manufacturer upgrades its products from time to time, or to better say they repack them so they are appropriate for other types of users as well. The previously used changeable cases were made for the same reason, but most manufacturers have recognized that by announcing new color editions after the phone's launch, sales can be boosted again. Nokia, for example, likes to delay the launch of black editions, as they usually arouse attention again. Sony Ericsson W595 Cosmopolitan Edition is another color variant, it is a white model with red flowers forming a frame on its case. The same motifs can be found on the phone's themes as well, and the manufacturer also copied five music tracks on the phone. The 100 x 47 x 14 mm large Walkman phone, weighing 104 grams, features a 2.2" display with a resolution of 240 x 320 pixels, a 3.2 megapixel camera with fixed focus, stereo speaker, a stereo FM radio, Bluetooth, HSDPA support, a gyroscope and advanced musical features. The price of the new edition is not yet known.

Sony Ericsson XPERIA™ X10

Sony Ericsson today unveils the XPERIA™ X10, the first phone in a family of phones to deliver a consistent user experience where communication truly becomes entertainment.

XPERIA™ X10 is Sony Ericsson’s first phone on Google’s Android OS platform. XPERIA™ X10 has a 4 inch 854 x 480 pixel screen with a capacitive mineral glass touch-screen, fast 1GHz Qualcomm Snapdragon™ processor, 1GB internal storage with additional storage via microSD™ card, an 8.1 megapixel camera with autofocus, Wi-Fi 802.11g and HSPA at 7.2Mbps download.

With the power and features of the XPERIA™ X10 and the open software platform, developers have a compelling opportunity to create, share and sell applications.

Daniel Rosendahl from Developer World shows the demo version of Speed Forge 3D running on Sony Ericsson XPERIA™ X10.

PERIA™ X10 introduces Sony Ericsson’s Timescape™ and Mediascape™ signature applications.

• Sony Ericsson Timescape™ manages all communications – on social networks, text and email - with one person in one place.
• Sony Ericsson Mediascape™ enables users to see all the music, photos and videos they want from their favourite friends and artists. It accesses content from the phone, YouTube™, PlayNow™ – presenting it in an organised and intuitive way.

Erica Kato Marcus, Sony Ericsson Head of Application Planning for the XPERIA™ X10, talks about the new signature apps: Sony Ericsson Timescape™ and Sony Ericsson Mediascape.

We are keen to open up the APIs for these applications, and we welcome a dialog with developers to get ideas and feedback, with a view to launching a Sony Ericsson SDK in early 2010.

At Web 2.0 in New York on November 18-19 2009 we will be able to talk to developers in person about opportunities with XPERIA™ X10.

Developers can start right away using the SDK available at developer.android.com. On Developer World there will also be a guide that illustrates how to configure the SDK.